Ancient Britons and Proto-Celts Were Israelites!
All the blessings and curses for the Israelites in the Bible apply to us. Our oldest law systems were derived from the original laws we used to follow that were passed down from Adam through Seth, Noah, Shem and Abraham and on to Moses. The ancient laws that Alfred the Great recorded in 890 A.D. are the same laws that the Biblical Israelites kept and his laws are acknowledged as having the same source as the Brehon laws of Ireland and Scotland. |
by Sven Longshanks
Britain gets it’s name from King Brutus, the grandson of King Aeneas, who was the founder of the Roman Empire. Prince Brutus arrived on "the great white island" with a large group of his fellow Trojans escaping the devastation of Troy, and was recognized and welcomed by three tribes of his Aryan Shemitic brethren that were already here, and who proceeded to proclaim him King of the entire island. Brutus founded the city of Caer Troia (New Troy) on the Thames, which later became known as "Londinium" by the Romans.
The Welsh Bruts give the date as being when the Philistines of the Old Testament held the ark of the Covenant in captivity and when Beli was the high priest of Judah, both of which are mentioned in the Book of 1 Samuel. A commemorative stone of where he first set foot on the island has stood at Totnes in Devon since 1100 B.C. These people became known as the Ancient Britons and would later be absorbed into the Celts, Gauls and Saxons who also have their origins in the tribes of Jacob-Israel.
Previous to King Brutus arriving in Britain, his ancestor King Cecrops (Calcol/Calchol) had begun the Irish dynasty of Kings at Ulster around 1700 B.C. He also founded Athens and was at the head of all the kingly lines in Europe, owing to him being one of the sons of Zarah, who was the son of Judah, the patriarch of the same tribe from which King David and Yeshua the Messiah were descended. He was almost as wise as Solomon according to the biblical record, and had a brother called Darda (also known as Dardanus and Dara) who founded Troy and whose descendants ruled there until the destruction of it, when the last son of the Kingly line and grandfather of King Brutus, King Aeneas, married the daughter of Latinus and started off the Roman empire.
King Cecrops, the ancestor of all today’s Kingly bloodlines, was said to have left Egypt before the famous exodus and we have records of his descendants spreading west along the Mediterranean, leaving clearly Hebrew names to the places they colonized, like the Ebro valley, the river Iber and Saragossa (stronghold of Zarah) in Spain. They became known to history as the Iberians and also gave their name to Ireland, first being Iberne, then Erne, then Latinized to Hibernia.
Later, there was another wave of Hebrew colonists escaping the Egyptian tyranny. The classical writers and historians Heraceteus of Abdere 600 B.C., Dioderus Siculis 50 B.C., Euripedes 440 B.C. and Strabo 44 B.C., all make reference to large groups of Hebrew settlers leaving Egypt just before Moses led the remainder away in the Exodus. They were from the tribe of Dan and settled Argos, the oldest city in Greece and became known as the Danaii, eventually being forced from there and ending up in Ireland as the Tuattha de Danaan.
The Other Exodus
In the days of the Pharaohs, we read of an adventurous hero named Danaos and his
followers who dwelled in Egypt. Then came an event, or series of events now
corrupted by the mists of time, which caused them to be exiled by the Egyptians.
Recorded history then tells us that they boarded ships in Egypt and sailed away
to establish new homes in Greece.
The beginning of Greek history is often dated to this “exile” of Danaos and his
followers, called Danaoi or Danaan, from Egypt. This event has been dated by
historians to about 1450 to 1493 B.C. However, it is significant that the Hebrew
exodus from Egypt under Moses is dated to the very same time-period: 1447 to 1491 B.C. Are
these two events related? Could indeed the Danaan “exile” from Egypt have been a
part of the Hebrew “exodus”? An analysis of ancient records indicates that this
was indeed the case.
Some historians say that the Egyptians left no contemporary surviving accounts of the presence of Hebrews and the exodus. The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia (iv:7) reports, however, that as early as the 15th century, “Egyptian texts…mention…a foreign people called “Apuriu” residing in Egypt and performing the service of slaves.” The encyclopedia further states that these people are identified by many scholars as the Habiru or Hebrews. Ancient records also report that a Semitic people called Danaan were expelled from Egypt, and sailed to Greece to establish the early Greek civilization. Could the fabled Danaan be a reference to the Biblical Hebrew tribe of Dan?
William Ridgeway’s Early Age of
Greece (p. 220) dated the Danaan exodus from Egypt as 1450 B.C. This is virtually
identical to the date of the Hebrew exodus, which is dated to 1447 B.C. by Dr.
Stephen E. Jones and 1453 B.C. in Dr. Adam Rutherford’s Bible Chronology
(p. 120). Other historians use slightly differing dates: The History of Etruria
(p. 95) by Mrs. Hamilton Gray dates the Danaan exile at 1493 B.C., which compares
to a Hebrew exodus of 1491 B.C. according to Bishop Usher’s dating (McClintock
& Strong’s Encyclopedia III:396). Two unrelated Egyptian exoduses did not occur
at the same time! Historic evidence indicates that the Danaan were the seafaring
Biblical tribe of Dan and were therefore part of the Hebrew Exodus. The Bible
tells us that the tribe of Dan were seafarers who “stayed in their ships.”
(Judges 5:17) The Bible also gives much other evidence of Hebrew seafaring in
ancient times.
It should be mentioned that some Christian expositors date the exodus two
centuries later, around 1225-1275 B.C., trying to fit a full 400-year captivity
entirely within Egypt through a misunderstanding of the Scripture record. (See
Secrets Of Time, by Dr. Stephen E. Jones for details on this issue.) Many
scholars agree that this date is too late, and conflicts with the time of the
Judges. In addition, Egyptian monuments during the 14th century refer to a
region of western Galilee as “Aseru,” which was settled by the Hebrew tribe of
Asher after the settlement of Canaan. (Jewish Encyclopedia 2:180) Therefore,
Israel had to have already settled Canaan by that time.
The Jewish Encyclopedia also points out that “I Kings 6:1 fixes the interval between the exodus and the building of the Temple at over 480 years. Rehoboam -- 41 years after the building of the Temple (I Kings 14:25) -- is contemporaneous with Shishak, the first king of the twenty-second dynasty (c. 950 B.C.). This would give about 1470 B.C. for the Exodus. The finding by Flinders Petrie (1896) of an inscription by Merneptah I, in which for the first time Isir’l occurs in an Egyptian text, as well as the contents of the El-Amarna tablets, has corroborated the virtual correctness of the date given above.” (5:296) This date of 1470 B.C. is exactly in the middle of the narrow date range given by other scholars for both the Hebrew exodus and the Danaan exile from Egypt.
The Semitic Danaan, the Tribe of Dan
The Semitic identity of the ancient Danaan sailors has been commented on by
historians. G. F. Schomann stated, “Even among the ancients some considered that
the [Danaan] settlers who arrived [in Greece] from Egypt were at any rate not of
Egyptian descent, but adventurers of Semitic race, who, having been expelled
from Egypt, had some of them turned towards Greece” (Antiquities Of Greece,
p.12).
These Danaan were not only Semitic; they were Hebrews, according to ancient
Egyptian records. Professor Max Duncker, in The History Of Antiquity
(I:456-466), gave fascinating details of a two-fold land/sea exodus as told in
an ancient Egyptian account:
“The narrative of Hecataeus of Abdera, who was in Egypt in the time of Ptolemy I, and wrote an Egyptian history, gives us the most unprejudiced account, composed from the widest point of view, and connects the emigration of the Hebrews, whom he does not consider Egyptians, with the supposed emigration from Egypt to Greece. [Hecataeus says,] 'Once, when a pestilence had broken out in Egypt, the cause of the visitation was generally ascribed to the anger of the gods. [Editor’s Note: The Ten Plagues are called a 'pestilence' in Exodus 9:14-15, and were indeed caused by YEHOVAH God!]
"As many strangers dwelt in Egypt, and observed different customs in religion and sacrifice, it came to pass that the hereditary worship of the gods was being given up in Egypt. The Egyptians, therefore, were of opinion that they would obtain no alleviation of the evil unless they removed the people of foreign extraction. [Note: This 'removal' is the Egyptian appellation for the exodus of Scripture.] When they were driven out, the noblest and bravest part of them, as some say, under noble and renowned leaders, Danaus and Cadmus, came to Hellas [Greece]; but the great bulk of them migrated into the land, not far removed from Egypt, which is now called Judea. These emigrants were led by Moses, who was the most distinguished among them for wisdom and bravery'.”
Hecataeus of
Abdera was a Greek historian living in fourth century B.C. Egypt under Ptolemy
I, a general of Alexander the Great. In the extract above, this ancient
historian clearly connected both the Hebrews and the Danaan as part of the same
exodus. Therefore, the Danaan were in fact the Biblical tribe of Dan -- a
seafaring tribe and part of the Hebrew exodus.
Another marvelous account, although also spoken with a decidedly Egyptian bias,
is that of Lysimachus of Alexandria (355-281 B.C.), whose history was preserved
by Flavius Josephus in Contra Apionem:
“At the time of king Bocchoris [possibly the Greek name for the Pharaoh of the exodus], unclean and leprous men had come into the temples to beg for food. Hence there was a blight on the land; and Bocchoris received a response from Ammon [an Egyptian god], that the temples must be purified. The lepers, as if the sun were angry at their existence, were to be plunged into the sea, and the unclean were to be driven out of the land. Hence the lepers were... thrown into the sea; but the unclean were driven out helpless into the desert. These met together in council; in the night they lit fires and lights, and called, fasting, upon the gods to save them. Then a certain Moses advised them to go through the desert till they came to inhabited regions... they established a city Hierosyla [Jerusalem] in Judea...” (ibid., p. 463).
This ancient historic document provides evidence that the exodus involved two distinct groups with different destinations. Some of the Hebrews expelled from Egypt in the exodus were “thrown into the sea” and sailed north across the Mediterranean to found the earliest civilization in Greece, while Moses led the rest of Israel eastward “helpless into the desert” of the Wilderness.
The Exile From Egypt
What happened to cause Danaus and his followers to be expelled from Egypt? The
reason handed down from the mists of time has obvious corruption to it. The
Egyptian accounts refer to two brothers, Danaus and Aegyptus. Danaus was said to
have 50 sons, who each married one of the 50 daughters of Aegyptus. According to
the legend, each of the daughters then slew their husbands on their wedding
night (Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed., 7:793). Aegyptus was also said to have
“driven out” Danaus from Egypt. Danaus therefore designates some people who had
dwelled in Egypt, and Aegyptus seems to indicate a personification of the land
of Egypt itself. This strange and contorted legend, if rooted on an actual
historic event, seems to indicate that some form of mass slaughter had occurred.
It is far more likely that we have here evidence of the tenth plague on Egypt,
the slaughter of the firstborn. This event was indeed the decisive event that
caused Pharaoh to order the Hebrews to leave the land of Egypt (Exodus 12:29-33).
The waterway systems of ancient Egypt played an important part, since the Danaan
went into exile on sea-going ships. The modern Suez Canal, linking the Red Sea
northward to the Mediterranean, had not yet been built. Instead, a series of
canals and waterways linked the Nile River eastward to the Red Sea. Encyclopedia
Britannica, in an article on the Suez Canal, states: “And so it is that the
earliest canals of which history has mention were constructed to link the Nile
valley to the Red sea and not to pierce the narrow neck of land which separated
the latter from the Mediterranean…As early as 2000 B.C., a canal linked the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, via the Wadi Tumilat, with the Bitter Lakes, whence
another channel was dug to the Red sea.”
Historian Alexander Wheelock Thayer, in
The Hebrews In Egypt and Their Exodus,
presents evidence that on the night the exodus began, Moses had a Hebrew force
seize the boats on the Nile as well as those on the canal leading to the Red
Sea. Thayer says, “This may reasonably have been, to seize all the shipping and
boats on the canal and Jam Suph about Pithom, to hasten…the business of
crossing” the Red Sea. Thayer assumes that Moses would have been unaware that
YEHOVAH God would open a footpath through the Red Sea, and originally planned to cross
by boat. It also assumes that Moses planned to patiently ferry -- presumably in
many hundreds of trips -- all of the hundreds of thousands of people, animals, and
belongings of Israel across the Red Sea while fleeing Egyptian pursuit! This
would have been impractical, since “the total number of Israelites [were]
probably about two millions. This number is accepted by the best critics”
(Biblical Encyclopedia by Gray and Adams I:191)
Migration of the tribes at the time of Moses and up to the
Assyrian dispersion in
green, after that in red.
For whatever reason, a Red Sea crossing by boat was never attempted, for the Bible does not record the presence of any boats as the Israelites approached the Sea. Therefore, if Egyptian boats were seized for the exodus, a different plan was in place. The boats were apparently used instead by the Danite sailors as vehicles to escape from Egypt. The exodus was most probably two-pronged. It was an escape by both land and sea from the land of Pharaoh!
Danite Migrations To Europe
Whether it was their original intention or not, the Danaan sailed their ships
north to the secluded bay of Argos in the Greek Peloponnesus. The Encyclopedia Judaica (5:1257) quotes a leading Israeli archaeologist, Y. Yadin, who states,
“...there is a close relationship between the tribe of Dan and the tribe of
Danaoi whose members were clearly seafarers.” This encyclopedia also tells us,
“the name Dan should be regarded as a short form of Dan(ann)iel or the like.”
(5:1255) Again the connection with the Greek Danaan is unmistakable. Dr. Robert
Latham, one of the most respected 19th century authorities, firmly stated that
the Danaan of Greece were the Israelite Tribe of Dan. In his Ethnology of
Europe, Latham commented, “Neither do I think that the eponymus [i.e., founder]
of the Argive [Greek] Danai was other than that of the Israelite tribe of Dan;
only we are so used to confine ourselves to the soil of Palestine in our
consideration of the history of the Israelites, that we...ignore the share they
may have taken in the ordinary history of the world” (p. 137).
Archaeologist Dr. Cyrus Gordon states that they later sailed from Greece to
other European coastlands, including Ireland and Denmark. In his book Before
Columbus, Gordon relates, “A group of Sea People bore the name of ‘Dan.’ The
Bible tells how a segment of the seafaring (Judges 5:17) Danites [were part of]
the tribal system of ancient Israel...The Danites were widespread. Cyprus was
called Ia-Dnan ‘The Island of Dan(an).’ The same people were called Danuna, and
under this name they appear as rulers of the Plain of Adana in Cilicia. Greek
tradition has their eponymous ancestor, Danaos (Dan), migrating from the Nile
delta to Greece...” (p.108). Note that the Israelites did in fact emigrate from
Egypt. Cyrus Gordon added, “Virgil also designated the Greeks as “Danai.” Bold
scholars see the influence of the Danites in Irish folk lore...and in the name
of Danmark (‘Denmark’): the land of Dan...” (p. 111).
There is indeed strong evidence that the Danaan of Ireland, Cornwall and
Scotland, the Danaan of Greece and Italy, as well as the Danes of Denmark, were
Israelites of the tribe of Dan. W. Ewart Gladstone in Juventus Mundi states that
the Tuatha de Danaan of Ireland came from the Danaan of Greece. The similarity
of name would itself seem conclusive; but is there other evidence that these two
groups of Danaan were related? Dr. H. R. Hall, in The Civilization of Greece In
The Bronze Age, stated concerning the Greeks of the age of Homer, “Athenian
funerary lekythoi [painted vases] give us coppery-red or brown hair side by side
with dark-brown or black, and generally fair complexions, resembling a certain
Irish Celtic type.” (p. 288).
Keating’s History of Ireland says, “The Dannans were
a people of great learning, they had overmuch gold and silver…they left Greece
after a battle with the Assyrians, and for fear of falling into the hands of the
Assyrians came to Norway and Denmark (Dannemark) and thence passed over to
Ireland.” (p. 40). The Annals of Ireland by the Four Masters explains, “The colony
called Tuatha-de-Dannan conquered the Firbolgs and became Masters of Ireland…were highly skilled in architecture and other arts from their long residence in
Greece and intercourse with the Phoenicians” (p. 121). They have left their names
in many places; we find Dannonia, Caledonia, and Donaghadee in the Lough of
Belfast. We can see by now it is no coincidence that the early Greeks resembled
the Irish Celts, because the Tuatha de Danaan of early Ireland descended from
Greek “Danaan” colonists who sailed westward in search of new lands.
These Danaan colonists did indeed settle in Denmark, which name means,
"Dan’s
Mark" or "Dan’s Land." In ancient times, Denmark was settled by a tribe called
the “Dani,” according to early Roman historian, Procopius (fifth century, A.D.),
who recorded that the Dani were a group of tribes inhabiting the Danish
peninsula (VI.xv.1-6). That these were part of the Hebrew tribe of Dan may be
seen in the fact mentioned previously that Biblical Dan was called, “Dani-el or Dananniel,” a variation of
"Dani" or "Danaan."
The Bible just records the exploits of the Israelites who settled in the Levant, but there is a